GRE阅读一直以来都是很多GRE考生的心中难点。
因为文章读起来十分晦涩难懂，题目也常常考的很抽象，导致不少同学做起来就是一脸懵...
但实际上GRE阅读的出题套路极强、背后的考法也十分固定；只要掌握真正有效的解题方法，一切就迎刃而解了...
要说真正有效的GRE阅读解题方法，那非【双线阅读法】莫属了！
今天给大家分享一道我被问过非常多次的阅读易错题，大家可以先自己做做看，再跟随我来用【双线阅读法】进行高效解题！
GRE阅读真题
Among many historians a belief persists that Cotton Mather’s biographies of some of the settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (published 1702) are exercises in hagiography, endowing their subjects with saintly piety at the expense of historical accuracy. Yet modern studies have profited both from the breadth of information that Mather provides in, for example, his discussions of colonial medicine and from his critical observations of such leading figures as Governor John Winthrop. Mather's wry humor as demonstrated by his detailed descriptions of events such as Winthrop’s efforts to prevent wood-stealing is overlooked by those charging Mather with presenting his subjects as extremely pious. The charge also obscures Mather’s concern with the settlers’ material, not just spiritual, prosperity. Further, this pejorative view underrates the biographies’ value as chronicles: Mather amassed all sorts of published and unpublished documents as sources, and his selection of key events shows a marked sensitivity to the nature of the colony’s development.
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. Argue against a theory universally accepted by historical researchers
B. Call attention to an unusual approach to documenting a historical era
C.Summarize research on a specific historical figure
D. Counter a particular view about the work of a biographer
E. Point out subtle differences among controversial historical reports
2. The author of the passage implies that an argument for the historical accuracy of Mather’s works is most strongly supported by which of the following?
A. Surviving documents that corroborate Mather’s detailed descriptions of his subjects
B. Mather’s firsthand personal acquaintance with those about whom he wrote
C. Mather’s frank and straightforward accounts of the lives and times of people about whom he had conducted extensive research
D.Mather’s ability to detail important historical events in the religious context of which they were a part
E. The quantity and nature of the sources from which Mather obtained his information.
3. Information in the passage best supports which of the following statements about Mather’s biographies of the settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
A. Annals written by Mather and others were censored by later historians, thus detracting from their value as full and accurate accounts of the period.
B. Mather’s description of Governor Winthrop includes all of Winthrop’s shortcomings, such as a tendency toward levity at inappropriate times.
C. Mather’s descriptions of the Massachusetts Bay colonists were based primarily on firsthand experiences.
D. Many historians believe that Mather’s biographies are poor sources of historical information because biography is an inherently unreliable genre of historical writing.
E. Mather’s writings reflect an interest in the degree of economic success achieved by early Massachusetts Bay colonists.
答案
点击下方空白处获得答案
1.D；2.E；3.E
文章逻辑框架
先给同学们展示一下利用“双线阅读法”读完文章后的效果：
· S1:「引用观点」Cotton Mather的作品为了虔诚而牺牲了史实。（at the expense of historical accuracy）
· S2:「作者质疑」Mather的作品提供了很多真实的信息。（profited both from the breadth of information…and from his critical observations）
· S3:「展开」引用观点忽视了很多Mather作品中详实的信息。（detailed descriptions）
· S4:「展开」引用观点忽视了Mather对于material prosperity的关注。
注：同学们在本句应该自动建立信息关系：
material代表真实/实际；spiritual对应piety
· S5:「展开」Mather提供了很多真实信息。（amassed all sorts documents…shows a marked sensitivity to the nature）
文章主线
很多历史学家认为Cotton Mather的作品为了虔诚而牺牲了史实。但实际上，Mather的作品提供了很多详实的信息。
解题思路
1.主旨题。
根据刚刚的文章结构分析，本文主线为作者质疑引用观点。于是答案直接锁定在AD。
· A选项，a universally accepted theory,错误。我们在课上强调过theory的理解：尝试解释现象的观点，即：explanation。但本文的观点不是在进行explanation。而且文章中的引用观点也没有说是“universally accepted”。
· D选项，质疑了对某个作品的看法。完美~
2.信息题。
以下哪个信息是作者用来支持Mather作品的史实准确性的。
· A选项，surviving documents，完全无关的信息，文章都没提到。
· B选项，personal acquaintance，未提及。
· C选项，frank and straightforward accounts，未提及。文章反而说他是wry humor。
· D选项，in the religious context，反了。这是引用观点的方向，不会是作者的证据。
· E选项，正确，直接对应文章最后：amassed all sorts of published and unpublished documents as sources
3.信息题。
文章支持以下哪个关于Mather作品的说法。
（本题是高频易错题！同学们注意需要站在作者视角思考选项。）
· A选项，detracting from their value as full and accurate，反了。作者是支持Mather作品中信息的准确性，以及支持其作品的价值的。
· B选项，all of Winthrop’s shortcomings，错误。
· C选项，based primarily on firsthand，错误，文章未提及他的信息主要是基于一手信息。有同学可能会因为留意到文章中的“critical observation”而误选这个选项。“观察”确实可以算一手信息，但是这并不是“primary”的，后文还说他使用了各种各样的documents。
· D选项，前半句对于引用观点的描述没问题，但是理由给错了，历史学家批判Mather的作品不是因为“unreliable genre”。
· E选项，很多同学会认为E选项是无关选项，因为好像在文章中并没有说过“经济” 问题。但“economic success”是对于文中“material prosperity”的改写，我们一般说一个地方“物质很繁荣”其实就意味着当地的“经济成功”。因此，E是正确选项。
所以同学们在看GRE阅读中选项时，不要寄希望于就是原文中的原词原句，而需要先分析出文章的逻辑形式和信息方向，这样在看到选项的时候就能更敏锐的反应出各种对应关系！
总结
这篇文章本身逻辑其实并没有很难，同学们之所以会做错的主要原因在于没有正确分析文章逻辑的意识和方法，看到题目后也没有系统性的解题思路，只是盲目回文对应。
由此可见在GRE阅读中解题方法是非常非常重要的，而双线阅读法将会是帮助大家攻克高正确率的利器！